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Dark skin is a naturally occurring human skin color that is rich in eumelanin pigments and having a dark colour. [1] [2] [3] People with relatively dark skin are referred to as brown , [4] and those with very dark skin are often referred to as black , [5] although this usage can be ambiguous in some countries where it is also used to specifically refer to different ethnic groups or populations. [6] [7] [8] [9] Evolution of dark skin pigmentation began around 1.2 million years ago [10] in light-skinned early hominid species after they moved from the equatorial rainforest to the sunny savannas . In the heat of the savannas, better cooling mechanisms were required, which were achieved by the loss of body hair and development of more efficient perspiration . The loss of body hair led to the development of dark skin pigmentation, which acted as...
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